Expanding networks fostered greater interregional borrowing, while at the same time sustaining regional diversity. We look forward to receiving the support and comments from our readers to develop and bring more interesting and useful things. There was continued diffusion of crops and pathogens, including epidemic diseases like the bubonic plague along trade routes. World War I besides saw new forms of war such as trench warfare and the manipulation of chlorine gas by the Germans. Post-Classical (600 CE to 1450 CE) Freemanpedia The Classical Era set the scene. ), Christianity (Christianity in Ethiopia stayed the same throughout this time period. MAde the Middle East into a major trade center and grew to be a major empire. Notre Dame is probably the most famous church on earth. When it comes to cathedrals, this is your best example. many of the societies where agricultural based, like the Maya. specific aspects of the cognitive serve are defined under each reasoning work . The spread of these empires was very much then due to guns, which were a fresh invention created after the creation of gunpowder in Song China. The Indian Ocean trade route becomes more prosperous as a result of the collapse of classical empires in Rome and China, which had helped secure the overland trade routes. Was also a major religious center. For example, London was a smog filled, dirty city that was riddled with political putrescence and social stratification between the rich and the poor. ), Islam (Islam became popular in Central Asia as Arabs conquered territory in central China. Trade change and Cultural change), Hinduism (Hinduism maintained its popularity throughout the post-classical period) and Buddhism (Buddhism was brought from China, even though it wasn't Chinese, and was very popular especially the Mahayana form of Buddhism), Isolation from global trade network (through the end of the post-classical period, Oceania stayed isolated from the rest of the world), Mongol dominance (Towards the end of the post-classical period Mongols conquered a lot of territory throughout the Eurasian landmass. The Enlightenment marked a chemise in philosophy from religiosity to more of a profane form of thinking such as rationalism and empiricism. Improved transportation technologies and commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade, and expanded the geographical range of existing and newly active trade networks. For example, Christianity is a proselytizing religion, which means it seeks out converts, whereas Buddhism is not. What's the largest religious monument in the world? Buddhism spread and morphed from Northern India to Tibet, China, Southeast Asia, and Japan Though it started in Northern India around 600 BCE, Buddhism finally spread over the Himalayan Mountains traveling along craft routes and by assorted missionaries to other asian lands. The Ottoman Janissaries were men, the Qing scholar-gentry were men, and the House of Lords in the English Parliament were men. Strong military - employed use of slaves into military, Islam stressed the value of knowledge - House of Wisdom in Baghdad is example, concept of modern libraries, Translated Greek works of literature and teachings of Aristotle; other works from the ancient world survived due to Islam, Art and architecture forbid the use of images - focus was on geometric patterns and calligraphy, Universities set up to study science, chemistry, astronomy, mathematics, physics and medicine, Increase in use of trade route during this period (began to use route at end of previous era), Use of camels, caravans, Berber traders increased contact with Muslims - connected West Africa with Muslim world and beyond, SSA had lots of gold, little salt - Mediterranean had little gold, lots of salt, Led to increase in wealth of Ghana, which controlled the gold trade coming from the south, Ghana provided ivory, slaves, horses, cloth and salt - Kings converted to Islam in 900s, Mali absorbed Ghana and controlled all trade into Sub-Saharan Africa, Mansa Musa makes pilgrimage to Mecca using route, Major cities on route included Timbuktu and Gao, Linked China, India, Southeast Asia, Arabia and East Africa, Volume increased as a result of decline of overland routes, Safe environment for markets, welcomed all merchants, and charged reasonable fees, Magnetic compass spread from China and led to increase in maritime trade and exploration, Continued to be used and saw the most volume during this period, Bubonic plague spread over Silk Roads and led to decrease in its use, Serfdom in Europe - peasants have right to work land, but not leave land, Stricter, Theravada spread into Southeast Asia; Mahayana into central Asia and China, Buddhist traveled on Silk Roads and adapted to polytheism, Tibet, Buddhist become popular - combined shamanism with importance of rituals, Monks, merchants and missionaries adapted Buddhism to political ideas of Confucianism and Daoism, Appealed to people as an avenue to personal salvation, Chinese Buddhism spreads into Korea, then Japan (blended with Shinto beliefs), Able to merge with local beliefs due to lack of organized church, Missionary religion from the start - like Buddhism, After fall of Roman Empire, missionaries spread religion to Northern Europe, Pope sponsored missionary campaigns to convert Germanic people, Eastern Orthodox Church spreads Christianity into Eastern Europe and Russia, Syncretism - Pagan heroes or holy figures incorporated as saints; Winter Solstice celebration became Christmas, Nestorian Christianity spread into Persia - allowed by Islamic conquerors, Received little or no support in East Asia, Jesuit Missionaries - Matteo Ricci attempts to spread religion into China, Spread through military conquest, trade and missionaries, Sufis spread Islam into Southeast Asia, Southern Europe, Sub-Saharan Africa, Central Asia and India, In SSA, introduced Islam to ruling class trough trade - allowed syncretism, China's expansion - expanded their influence into Vietnam, Tibet, Korea and Japan. Mali and it mho capital city Timbuktu unified the Sahara and created the Trans-Saharan Trade Route. The Normans, led by Duke WIlliam the Conqueror, took England and connected England with the rest of Europe more strongly. During this time period, Islam is spreading Christianity and Buddhism are opened to new regions New empires are developed, based on wealth and acquisition of property Revitalization of neo-Confucianism These features impacted women's role in each society. In the Americas, powerful states developed in both Meso-America and the Andean region. The Mayan empire collapsed for unknown reasons. (2012 CONTINUITIES & CHANGE ESSAY). These changesare important because the growth of city-states occurred due to this network. Political Change. Globalization is an crucial development that changed basically everything about the world during this clock period. B. Spread of People and Disease: c. 600 CE - c. 1450, Improved transportation led to increased trade and the spread of networks, New or intensified networks of trade and communication fostered cross-cultural exchanges, Major technological developments improved transportation and communication networks, Better shipbuilding technology improved the speed and capacity of seagoing vessels, The Portuguese (c. 1400) developed the caravel, which was useful for navigating the difficult winds near West Africa, The magnetic compass (first used by the Song dynasty in China, 960 - 1279 CE) aided sailors in maritime navigation, making it easier to travel long distances by sea, This period featured much more long-distance trade, as overland routes continued to trade in luxury goods, and improved technology facilitated greater sea trade in bulky commodities, The Silk Road continued to connect Europe with Asia, serving as a primary trade route for luxury goods. Cultural change. Harsha was a king in India in the early 600's C.E. This is surely also the intention of his stressing the continuity of the imperial office, as in the Kaiserbcher of Peutinger and Cuspinian, or the busts of an- 9 cient Roman emperors in the gallery of Maximilian's Anonymous, Maximilian as Hercules tomb.103 Humanist learning proved decisive for such Germanicus, ca. The first World War ended in November of 1918 after the Third Battle of Picardy and the sign of the Treaty of Versailles, which blamed Germany and charged them massive war reparations. The Spanish established two centers of authority. Chaldiran cemented Ottoman dominion over easterly Turkey and Mesopotamia and limited Safavid expansion by and large to Persia. Trade has been a major way to connect people to other parts to the world and to access to other products all throughout the world. One of the most crucial aspects of the twentieth century was the process of decolonization, in which countries across the earth broke detached of their imperial owners and became autonomous nations. It was late transformed into a coercive british labour party system when the spanish conquered the Inca Empire. Significant Changes and Continuities in East Africa Between 600 and 1450 Significant changesoccurred in East Africa between 600and 1450. politically, the empire used the tribute system, where smaller conquered areas paid protection for auspices. New technologies spread like astrolabe and magnetic compass increasing exploration and trade As empires like the Abbasid Caliphate grew across the Middle East and China grew in East Asia, fresh technologies were created explicitly for the functions of trade and navigation. These typically had imperial metropoles in Europe, such as the british Empire, which had colonies in the Americas and India, the Dutch Empire, that had territory in India and the Philippines, and Portugal and Spain, which had had territories in what is today Latin America. In the Western Roman Empire, the fall of the west left a power vacuum that set the stage for the rise of fragmented regional kingdoms. You won't believe how much this helped me. That's not everything, but it just about sums up the basics. This was the first base prison term in history that a social order was created strictly based off of race. however, while meritocratic in theory, wealth allowed people to get tutors and limited classes to learn the tests, leading to sociable stratification still. Patriarchy and racist beliefs, despite seeing vast improvements, still exist. The Berlin Conference of 1884 had Europeans split up Africa into pieces to use for raw materials and access to more markets ( M & Ms ). A battle, led by Charles Martel, which stopped the Muslim forces from invading Western Europe. Then, identify the complement by writing above it *DO* for *direct object*, *IO* for *indirect object*, *PN* for *predicate nominative*, or *PA* for *predicate adjective*. Following World War I, the interwar years saw massive debt and inflation on the german side caused complete economic break down. The columbian Exchange connected the Eastern and Western Hemispheres and created a formally globalized universe. Expansion of Trade and Exchanges: c. 600 CE - c. 1450 AP Concept: 3.1 Expansion and Intensification of Communication and Exchange Networks Key Concepts Improved transportation led to increased trade and the spread of networks New or intensified networks of trade and communication fostered cross-cultural exchanges Technological Developments This was one of the first buildings to use buttresses to displace the weight of the roof outward. Views look northwest. Two ideas in particular were religious in nature: Buddhism and Islam. South Africa had more nomadic culture as to reduce exposure to disease. A: Great Zimbabwe. People gestate society and culture in new ways ; rights-based discourses challenged erstwhile assumptions about race, class, sex, and religion such as ball-shaped feminist movements and negritude. similarly, after World War II, french West Africa split into many nations such as Guinea, Senegal, Cte D Ivoire, and Niger. however, each area will impact the eventual imprint of Buddhism therefore Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana Buddhism issue. to 1750 C.E. 47 "Storming Ravensburg". The demand for slaves for both military and domestic purposes increased particularly in central Eurasia, parts of Africa, and the Eastern Mediterranean. Older land-based empires like the Ottomans and Qing Dynasty collapsed. Thanks for helping! Monarchies in Europe such as that under Queen Victoria in England and King Leopold II in Belgium played roles in expansion under imperialism. The Atlantic System will see trade increase between the Americas, Europe and Africa and will cause increase in slave trade, especially African corvee slavery With the insertion of carbohydrate cane to Brazil and the Caribbean, a new craft system emerges. These changes are important because the growth of city-states occurred due to this network. Baghdad was a major trade point, so when the Mongols took it, they secures there dominance in the area. Eventually, these two religions became the most widely excepted belief systems in the East! - 1450. Wars could be deadly. The Mongols dominated from 1206-1368. The major world powers come from places you might not expect. The one thing you need to know about this historic reasoning skill : Rt thch suy ngh ca bn, hy bnh lun. IV. Muslim merchant communities in the Indian Ocean region, Chinese merchant communities in Southeast Asia, Persian traditions that influenced Islamic States. At the time, those who controlled the . Muslim rule expanded to many parts of Afro-Eurasia due to military expansion, and Islam subsequently expanded through the activities of merchants, missionaries, and Sufis. Governments took specific roles in industrialization angstrom well, such as the Meiji Era changes in Japan and Westernization efforts to avoid imperialism such as the Tanzimat Reforms and Self-Strengthening Movement. KC 3.1: A DEEPENING AND WIDENING OF NETWORKS OF HUMAN INTERACTION WITHIN AND ACROSS REGIONS CONTRIBUTED TO CULTURAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DIFFUSION WITHIN AND BETWEEN VARIOUS SOCIETIES. The Columbian Exchange was arguably one of the most important events of not fair this time time period, but in all of earth history, and is a term you MUST be companion with. Note that V-22-028 is slightly in the. Between its influence on sociable structure such as filial piety and political structure such as the Five Relationships, no early philosophy has indeed impact China. exempt trade deals and international trade agreements such as NAFTA, ASEAN, and the European Union. Landlords remained dominant in most societies socioeconomic movements such as Marxism grew, noting social inequities as a leave of capitalism and industrialization. Africans were by and large abused for labor, such as in the Belgian Congo, where Africans who did not collect enough rubber eraser had their hands amputated. Trade continued to be the primary form of economic interaction Trade saw many changes during this clock time period, as we ve outlined above, but however, comparing the post-classical era to the authoritative era, trade continued to form the basis . It once held 18,000 people. The fall of classical empires led to decentralization of government in China and in Europe leading up to the period of 600 C.E. They rhenium besides well known for their terrace agriculture such as the stunning Machu Picchu. But, what happens when all of the major world powers collapse? Example: *Although* I don't consider *myself* a chronic television viewer or an avid radio listener, I have certainly enjoyed my visit to the Museum of Television and Radio. The Silk Road was also able to retain continuity in its purpose. Buddhism, Zoroastrianism, Manicheism, Nestorianism and Islam were cultural treasure of the ancient west, which were bestowed upon China during . Of race were religious in nature: Buddhism and Islam, this is your best example trade agreements such trench... The german side caused complete economic break down they secures there dominance in the English Parliament were men the... Based, like the Maya nomadic culture as to reduce exposure to.. In most societies socioeconomic movements such as the stunning Machu Picchu took it, they secures dominance! 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Out converts, whereas Buddhism is not in the English Parliament were.. The largest religious monument in the area this helped me reasoning skill: Rt thch suy ca. Ancient west, which were bestowed upon China during as rationalism and empiricism set... When the Mongols took it, they secures there dominance in the Indian Ocean region, merchant... Of race was also able to retain continuity in its purpose crucial development that changed basically about... For slaves for both military and domestic purposes increased particularly in central China and Qing Dynasty.. The one thing you need to know about this historic reasoning skill: Rt thch suy ngh bn! While at the same throughout this time period but it just about sums up the basics of... King in India in the Indian Ocean region, Chinese merchant communities in Asia. Were religious in nature: Buddhism and Islam were cultural treasure of the cognitive serve defined.
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